In secondary education, the majority of countries have pupil/teacher ratios that vary between 10 and 15 pupils per teacher. These ratios are generally lower than in primary education, except in Germany and Poland with 18.7 and 11.4 pupils per teacher in primary education respectively (Figure E13). Greece, Lithuania and Portugal record ratios lower than 10 pupils per teacher for both levels of secondary education. Additionally, Belgium, Malta, Finland and Liechtenstein have fewer than 10 pupils per teacher in lower secondary education, but these ratios are higher in upper secondary education. By contrast, Germany, the Netherlands, Romania (upper secondary level), Finland (upper secondary), the United Kingdom (lower secondary) and Turkey have more than 15 pupils per teacher.
Pupil/teacher ratios should not be confused with the size of classes. The difference between the number of hours taught statutorily by teachers and the number of hours of teaching earmarked for pupils, as well as the presence of support teachers who have no teaching load and assist pupils with special educational needs, are among factors with a bearing on the pupil/teacher ratio without however affecting the size of classes. As a rule, class sizes are always greater than the foregoing ratios.
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